• Formulates the history-matching problem in a consistent framework.
  • Presents state-of-the-art ensemble solution methods for reservoir models.
  • Aims to deepen understanding of ensemble methods in history matching.
  • Educational resource for graduate students and researchers in petroleum, geothermal, and hydrological engineering and sciences.
  • Introduces and explains algorithms for data assimilation and parameter estimation, with emphasis on ensemble methods.
  • Discusses challenges such as high-dimensional models, limited realizations, parameterization, and uncertainty handling.

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